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Fossils and its Types - Body, Molecular, Trace, Carbon Fossil

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  Fossils  and  Its Classification Introduction  Fossil Fossils are the remains or traces of ancient life that have been preserved by natural processes, from spectacular skeletons to tiny seashells. Imprints, tracks and trails can also become fossilised, like dinosaur footprints or worm burrows.  Fossilization The preservation of animal or plant parts is called fossilisation. This process involves all the fossil's physical, chemical, and biological aspects. A hard petrified form is obtained from the rock that has the bones of animals or plants part impression. Types of fossils   1. Body Fossils The first type, body fossils, are the fossilized remains of an animal or plant, like bones, shells, and leaves. These can be mould and cast fossils, like most of the fossilized dinosaur skeletons and big bones we see, replacement fossils, like petrified wood, or whole-body fossils – mammoths caught in the ice, or insects trapped in amber. 2. Molecular Fossils Molecu...
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Mixtures and Methods Of Separating Mixtures class 8

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  INTRODUCTION In our surroundings, we see and use many materials that are made by combining two or more substances. These combinations are called mixtures. A mixture is a material made up of two or more substances (elements or compounds) that are physically combined, not chemically. This means the individual substances in a mixture retain their original properties and can be separated by physical means. For example, when we mix salt in water, we get a saltwater mixture. Similarly, air is a mixture of gases like nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and others. In our kitchens, we often mix different food items like pulses and stones (before cleaning), sugar in milk, or spices — all of these are mixtures. Methods of Separation of Mixtures A mixture is made up of two or more substances that are physically combined. Since the components are not chemically bonded, they can be separated by various physical methods. The method used depends on the physical properties of the substances such a...
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Angles and their Properties

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Angles and their properties  Introduction  Angles are an important part of geometry that we see all around us. From the corners of a book to the hands of a clock, angles are everywhere in our daily lives. In simple terms, an angle is formed when two lines or rays meet at a point called the vertex. Angles are measured in degrees (°), and they help us understand the amount of turn or rotation between two lines. They can be of different types, such as acute, right, obtuse, straight, and reflex angles, based on their size. In this project, we will explore the different types of angles, their properties, and their applications. We will also discuss angle relationships, such as complementary, supplementary, and vertically opposite angles, and examine how these relationships are used in geometry and everyday life. Parts of Angles Vertex-  The corner points of an angle is known as Vertex. It is the point where two rays meet. Arms – The two sides of angle, joined at a common endpo...
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