Chapter 7 The League Of Nations And The United Nations Organisation class 9

 

Chapter 7 The League Of Nations And The United Nations Organisation Very Short Answer Type :

Question 1. What were the three principal organs of the League of Nations?
Answer:

The three principal organs of the League of Nations were :

(1) The Assembly
(2) The Council and
(3) The Secretariat.

Question 2. Who could become members of the General Assembly of the League of Nations?
Answer: All the states which were the members of the League of Nations were essentially the members of the General Assembly.

Question 3. How were new members admitted in the League Assembly?
Answer: Any member could be admitted in the League Assembly by a vote of assent by 2/3 of the existing members.

Question 4. Name the two great powers which were not members of the League in the beginning.
Answer: The two great powers which were not members of the League, in the beginning, were U.S.A and Germany.

Question 5. Who elected the temporary members of the League Council?
Answer: The temporary members of the League Council were elected by the League Assembly.

Question 6. Name the countries which were first elected as members of the League Council.
Answer: The countries which were first elected as members of the League Council were England, France, Italy and Japan.

Question 7. What were the two autonomous bodies of the League of Nations?
Answer:

The two autonomous bodies of the League of Nations were :

(1) The Permanent Court of International Justice
(2) The International Labour Organisation.

Question 8. When was the first session of the League convened?
Answer: The first session of the League was convened in 1920.

Question 9. Where was the first session of the League of Nations held?
Answer: The first session of the League of Nations was held in the city of Geneva, Switzerland. ‘

Question 10. When was the last session of the League of Nations held?
Answer: The last session of the League of Nations was held on 14th December 1939.

Question 11. What is Covenant?
Answer: The Constitution of the League of Nations is called Covenant

Question 12. How was the Secretary General of the League of Nations appointed?
Answer: The Secretary General of the League of Nations was appointed by the Council the Assembly was necessary.

Question 13. When was the Permanent Court of International Justice opened and where?
Answer: The Permanent Court of International Justice was opened in 1922 in Hague, the erstwhile capital of Holland.

Question 14. What was the function of the Permanent Court of International Justice?
Answer: The function of the Permanent Court of International Justice was to settle international disputes which might be referred to it by the Council of the League and interpreting international treaties and other legal complications.

Question 15. Who selected the name United Nations Organisation?
Answer: The name United Nations Organisation was selected by the American President Franklin Roosevelt.

Question 16. From where did Franklin Roosevelt select the name United Nations Organisation?
Answer: Franklin Roosevelt selected the name United Nations Organisation from Lord Byron‘s poem ‘The Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage’.

Question 17. When was the U.N.O established and where?
Answer: The U.N.O was first established on 24 October 1945 in New York, U.S.A.

Question 18. How many members are there in the Security Council of the U.N.  at present
Answer: There are 15 members in the Security Council of the U.N.O at present.

Question 19. For how many years and by whom are the members of the Security Council elected?
Answer: The members of the Security Council are elected for two years by the members of the General Assembly.

Question 20. How are new members admitted in the U.N.O?
Answer: New members are admitted in the U. N.O. on the recommendation of the Security Council and by a vote of assent by 2/3 of the existing members of General Assembly.

WB Class 9 History Question Answer

Question 21. What is the seventh principle enumerated in the UN Charter?
Answer: The seventh principle enumerated in the UN Charter is that UN would not interfere in matters strictly within the domestic jurisdiction of any state.

Question 22. How many principles have been mentioned in the UN Charter?
Answer: Seven principles have been mentioned in the UN Charter.

Question 23. Who is the present Secretary General of U.N.O?
Answer: The present Secretary General of U.N.O is Ban-Ki-Moon.

Question 24. How many charter members were there in the U.N.O.?
Answer: There were 51 charter members in the U.N.O.

Question 25. Which countries are the five members of the Security Council with the power of Veto?
Answer: The five members of the Security Council who have the power of Veto are U.S.A, U.S.S.R., England, France and China.

Question 26. What is the judicial organ of the United Nations?
Answer: The judicial organ of the United Nations is the International Court of Justice.

Question 27. How many judges are there in the International Court of Justice?
Answer: There are 15 judges in the International Court of Justice.

Question 28. How are the judges of the International Court of Justice elected?
Answer: The judges of the International Court of Justice are elected by the General Assembly and the Security Council.

Question 29. Name two organisations under the Economic and Social Council.
Answer: The two organisations under the Economic and Social, Council are UNESCO (United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organisation) and FAO (Food – and Agricultural Organisation).

Question 30. What does UNICEF stand for
Answer: UNICEF stands for United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund.

Question 31. Where are the headquarters of WHO?
Answer: The headquarters of WHO are in Geneva.

Question 32. What does WHO stand for?
Answer: WHO stands for World Health Organisation.

Question 33. What does UNESCO stand for?
Answer: UNESCO stands for United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organisation.

Question 34. What is the composition of the Trusteeship Council?
Answer: The Trusteeship Council is composed of the representatives of permanent members of Security Council, representatives of all those states which hold the administration of colonies and some representatives elected by the General Assembly.

Question 35. How is the head of the Secretariat of U.N.O. appointed?
Answer: The head of the Secretariat, the Secretary-General, is appointed by the General Assembly on the recommendation of the Security Council.

WB Class 9 History Question Answer

Question 36. Who were the original members of the League of Nations?
Answer: The Allied powers in the First World War who signed the different peace treaties, were called the original members of the League of Nations.

Question 37. What was the aim of the League of Nations?
Answer: The aim of the League of Nations was to maintain peace, order and security among the countries of the world.

Question 38. Where were the headquarters of the League of Nations?
Answer: The headquarters of the League of Nations were at Geneva, Switzerland.

Question 39. Which organ of the League had principal executive power?
Answer: During the time of the League, the Council had principal executive power.

Question 40. What did the Permanent Secretariat of the League consist of?
Answer: The Permanent Secretariat of the League consisted of a Secretary-General appointed by the Council and approved by the Assembly.

Question 41. Where was the Permanent Secretariat situated?
Answer: The Permanent Secretariat was situated at Geneva.

Question 42. What was the function of the World Court?
Answer: The Permanent Court of International Justice was to interpret any disputed point in international law. It also determined when treaty obligation had been violated.

Question 43. Which peace organisation was established after the Second World War?
Answer: The U.N.O was established after the Second World War.

Question 44. What is the executive authority of the U.N.O.?
Answer: The name of the executive authority of the U.N.O. is Security Council.

Question 45. Who signed the UN Charter for India?
Answer: Ramaswami Mudaliar. signed the UN Charter for India.

Chapter 7 The League Of Nations And The United Nations Organisation 2 Marks Questions And Answers

Question 1. How was the League of Nations founded?
Answer:

The terrible repercussions of the First World War (1914-18) made a strong impact on the minds of the people and made them cry out for peace. President Woodrow Wilson of the United States of America took the initiative and made a plan to establish a world peace organization in 1920 known as the League of Nations which would solve disputes peacefully.

Question 2. With what aim was the League of Nations founded?
Answer: After the First World War (1914-18) an international peace organization known as the League of Nations was established in 1920 with

The following aims in view:

(1) To prevent armed conflict and to promote international peace and cooperation,
(2) To establish honorable relations among different nations
(3) To promote international disarmament in order to reduce tension and
(4) To find out ways and means for peaceful settlement of international disputes.

WB Class 9 History Question Answer

Question 3. Describe the structure of the League of Nations.
Answer:

The League of Nations had four main organs, the first of which was the Assembly consisting of representatives of every member state, meeting once a year in Geneva. The second organ was the Council, i.e., the executive committee composed of one representative from each of the five permanent states (Great Britain, France, Germany, Italy, and Japan) and a temporary of nine other member states, chosen by the Assembly.

The third was the Permanent Secretariat, located at Geneva. The fourth organ was the Permanent Court of International Justice which was a court of arbitration for the settlement of international disputes with its office at Hague.

Question 4. Write a note on the Covenant of the League of Nations.
Answer: The Constitution of the League of Nations, called the Covenant, consisted of 26 articles among which the tenth, twelfth, and sixteenth articles were of great significance.

(1) Under the tenth article of the Covenant, the members of the League of Nations promised to respect the political independence and territorial integrity of the member countries of the League.

(2) According to the twelfth article, the members unanimously decided to solve their problems through mutual negotiations.

Question 5. Give an account of the General Assembly of the League of Nations.
Answer:

The League of Nations functioned through a number of organs, the most important of which was the Assembly. All the states which were the members of the League were essentially the members of the Assembly. Every member state could send three representatives, although no state had more than one vote.

The function of the Assembly of the League was:

(1) to establish world peace
(2) to resolve international disputes
(3) to extend international security and
(4) to work to safeguard the interests of minorities.

Question 6. Who were they? members of the League Council?
Answer:

The members of the League Council were divided into two divisions:

(1) Permanent members
(2) Temporary members. There were five permanent members of the Council, viz. Great Britain U.S.A., France, Italy, and Japan. As the United States did not accept membership of the

League of Nations, the number of permanent members remained only four. The number of temporary members was four.

Question 7. What was the function of the Assembly of the League of Nations?
Answer:

The function of the Assembly of the League of Nations was :

(1) To establish world peace
(2) To resolve international disputes
(3) To extend international security and (iv) to work to safeguard the interests of the minorities.

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Question 8. Give an account of the Council of the League of Nations.
Answer:

The League Council comprised nine members, of which five were permanent and four temporary members. The five permanent members were Great Britain, U.S.A., France, Italy and Japan.

As the U.S.A. did not accept the membership of the League, the member of permanent members remained only four. Later on, the number of permanent members was increased to six. Germany and Russia became the new permanent members.

Question 9. Who are the permanent members of the League Council?
Answer:

The Council of the League consisted of four permanent members. Later the number of members was increased to six. England, France, Italy, and Japan were permanent members. Later on Russia and Germany were admitted as permanent members.

Question 10. What were the main functions of the League Council?
Answer:

The main functions of the League Council were :

(1) To discuss about various international disputes and to resolve them
(2) To make efforts to stop war and to reduce armaments
(3) Summoning of international conferences to resolve disputes.

Question 11. What was the function of the Secretariat of the League of Nations?
Answer:

The functions of the Secretariat of the League of Nations were:

(1) To list the subjects to be considered in the Assembly
(2) To preserve the documents and necessary papers regarding the minutes of the meetings, settlements, and treaties concluded among the member states
(3) To offer necessary suggestions for effecting modifications in the treaties.

Question 12. Mention any two causes of the failure of the League of Nations.
Answer:

Two causes for the failure of the League of Nations were:

(1) The League was never able to make itself truly representative of the entire world. Countries like the U.S.A., Germany, Russia, Italy, and Japan were not members of the League at different stages and no international organization can be really successful if some of the great powers remain outside it.

(2) The League had no army, navy, or air force of its own nor was it in a position to apply economic sanction on the Great Powers which looked after their own interests instead of fulfilling their obligations to the League.

Question 13. How did the United Nations Organisation come into being?
Answer:

Winston Churchill, Prime Minister of Britain and Franklin Roosevelt, President of the U.S.A. announced the Atlantic Charter where the term ‘United Nations’ was first adopted. In the Moscow Conference (1943) Britain, the U.S.A., Russia, and China were unanimous that an international peace organization should be set up.

This resolution was confirmed in the Dumbarton Oaks Conference (1944) and the Yalta Conference (1945). Representatives of 50 nations met in San Francisco (1945) and prepared a Charter for world peace called the UN Charter on 24 October 1945 the U.N.O came into existence.

Question 14. What are the principal aims (objectives) of the U.N.O.?
Answer:

The principal aims (objectives) of the U.N.O. established after the Second World War are:

(1) To protect world peace, prevent armed conflict among nations, promote peaceful settlement of international disputes, and to remove international tension
(2) To promote education, culture, and health of mankind and to promote the economic condition of poor and underdeveloped nations.

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Question 15. What is the UN Charter?
Answer:

Between April and June 1945, representatives of 51 nations who were directly or indirectly involved in the war against the Axis Powers (Germany, Italy, and Japan), met at a conference at San Francisco. The Big Four (Britain, France, the U.S.A, and Russia) dominated the conference and prepared a charter for world peace called the UN Charter.

Question 16. Name two basic principles of U.N.O.
Answer:

Two basic principles of the U.N.O are:

(1) All the members, big or small, in order to enjoy the rights and benefits would sincerely carry out their duties as per the U.N.O Charter.
(2) All members shall settle international disputes by peaceful means

Question 17. Write a note on the membership of the U.N.O.
Answer:

(1) The membership of the U.N.O is open to all peace-loving nations of the world that accept the obligation of the U.N.O and are willing to carry out these obligations.

(2) 51 states who signed the UN Charter are the original members of the UN.

(3) Any member could be admitted in the UN on the recommendation of the Security Council and by a vote of assent by 2 of the existing members of the General Assembly.

(4) America, England, France, Russia, and China are the permanent members of
the UN Security Council.

Question 18. The International Court of Justice (ICJ)
Answer:

Composition: The International Court of Justice is located at Hague in the Netherlands. It consists of 15 judges. The judges are elected for a nine-year term. The Court elects its President and vice-president for a period of 3 years.

Function :

(1) A copy of a treaty signed between two or more two states is submitted to the International Court.

(2) It interprets international laws.

(3) It provides advice to the General Assembly and Security Council on any legal question.

(4) It has played an important role in the codification of International Laws.

(5) The Secretariat.

Class 9 History West Bengal Board

Question 19. What are FAO and WHO?
Answer:

FAO and WHO are two organs of the Economic and Social Council. FAO is the Food and Agricultural Organisation and WHO is the World Health Organisation.

Question 20. What are the six main organs of the U.N.O.?
Answer:

The six main organs of the United Nations organization are :

(1) The General Assembly
(2) The Security Council
(3) The Economic and Social Council
(4) The Trusteeship Council
(5) The International Court of Justice and
(6) The Secretariat.

Question 21. Why is 24 October celebrated as the United Nations Day?
Answer:

Between April and June of 1945, representatives of 51 nations who were directly or indirectly involved in the war against the Axis Powers met at a conference led by Britain, France, U.S.A., and Russia at San Francisco and prepared a charter for world peace called the UN Charter.

The Charter became officially effective on 24 October. So this day is celebrated as the United Nations Day.

Question 22. What is ‘Veto’?
Answer:The foremost responsibility of the Security Council is the maintenance of international peace and security. All the five permanent members of the Security Council (U.S.A, U.S.S.R., U.K., France, and China) must agree on all important issues.

A negative vote by any one permanent member is called a ‘Veto’. If the Veto is exercised, then the proposal or resolution is considered not passed. So on this issue the Security Council cannot take any action.

Question 23. What are the different functional agencies of the Economic and Social Council?
Answer:

The different functional agencies of the Economic and Social Council are:

(1) ILO (International Labour Organisation)

(2) UNESCO (United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organisation)

(3) WHO (World Health Organisation)

(4) FAO (Food and Agricultural Organisation)

(5) IMF (International Monetary Fund)

Question 24. What is the composition of the General Assembly?
Answer:

The General Assembly of the U.N.O. consists of all member states of the United Nations Organisation. Each member ‘state can send five representatives to the session of the General Assembly. The total strength of the U.N. General Assembly is now 193.

Question 25. What is the composition of the Security Council of the United Nations Organisation?
Answer:

The most important organ of the U.N.O. is the Security Council. There are two types of members in the Council permanent and non-permanent. Five permanent members are the U.S.A, U.S.S.R., U.K., France and China. The ten non-permanent members are elected by the General Assembly for a term of two years.

Question 26. Write a note on the membership of the Security Council.
Answer:

The Security Council is the most important organ of the U.N.O. There are two types of members in the Security Council permanent and non-permanent. Five permanent members are the U.S.A., U.S.S.R, France, and China. The other ten non-permanent members are elected by the General Assembly for a term of two years.

Question 27. Name the permanent members of the Security Council of the U.N.O.
Answer:

The Permanent members of the Security Council of the U.N.O are :

(1) America
(2) England
(3) France
(4) Soviet Russia and
(5) China

Question 28. What is the function of UNESCO?
Answer:

UNESCO deals with the issues of economic and social welfare and works for the preservation of human rights across the globe. This body fights against illiteracy and devotes itself to the protection of health, the spread of education, improvement of the standard of living of the people. The task before UNESCO includes education, social science, natural science, mass communication, cultural activities, and relief services.

Question 29. What is the function of WHO?
Answer:

WHO (World Health Organisation) organizes campaigns throughout the world against diseases such as pox, plague, smallpox, cholera, and others. It undertakes medical research to find out the causes of diseases, improve vaccines, and train medical research and aid workers.

Question 30. What is the function of UNICEF?
Answer:The function of UNICEF is to help the member countries improve the health condition of their children and to save the lives of sick or starving children in the world who suffer from malnutrition, hunger, and different kinds of diseases. It also looks after social welfare and vocational training of children. It also helps in the production of inexpensive books for children.

Class ix History Question Answer

Question 31. What is the function of the Security Council of the U.N.O.?
Answer:

The functions of the Security Council of the U.N.O. is :

(1) It maintains international peace and security
(2) It investigates all disputes and recommends ways and means for peaceful settlement
(3) It can also take action against a defaulting state and can ask its members to send military forces in order to control a dangerous situation.

Question 32. What is the function of the Economic and Social Council?
Answer:

The functions of the Economic and Social Council, a non-political organ of the U.N.O. are as follows :

(1) To promote economic and social advancement of all people

(2) Planning of economic development, financial and technical assistance to underdeveloped countries, industrialization of backward countries, improvement of education and aid to the world’s needy children; and,

(3) To appoint special committees from time to time to study specific problems.

Question 33. Write a short note on the International Labour Organisation (ILO).
Answer:

The headquarters of the International Labour Organisation were established in Geneva. All the member-states were also members of the International Labour Organisation. The main aim behind its establishment was to improve the condition of the Iabourers in different countries.

Question 34. What is the function of the Trusteeship Council?
Answer:After World War II, some underdeveloped countries were placed under the supervision of the Trusteeship Council. The primary task of the Council is to look after the economic, social, political, and cultural development of these countries.

An indirect function of the Trusteeship Council is to eliminate the possibility of rivalry among powerful nations of the world for the exploitation of underdeveloped nations.

Question 35. What is the function of the head of the Secretariat?
Answer:

The head of the Secretariat, the Secretary-General, prepares an annual progress report of the U.N.O. and places it before the General Assembly. He has the right to draw the attention of the Security Council to any matter which, in his opinion, may threaten international security.

Question 36. When was the Yalta Conference held? Name the countries which took part in the Yalta Conference.
Answer:

The Yalta Conference was held in 1945. The countries that took part in the Yalta Conference were the U.S.A., Britain, and Russia.

Question 37. When and where was the Atlantic Charter signed?
Answer:

The Atlantic Charter was signed on 11 August 1941. Winston Churchill, the Prime Minister of Britain, and Franklin Roosevelt, President of U.S.A. met together on a warship called the ‘Prince of Wales’ in the Atlantic Ocean near Newfoundland and signed the Atlantic Charter.

Question 38. What is the importance of the Atlantic Charter?
Answer:

The Atlantic Charter is important because it contained the aims and fundamental principles for the reconstruction of the post-Second World War. An indication to set up a world organization for the preservation of peace in the world was given in this Charter. In this Charter, the term ‘United Nations’ was first adopted.

Class ix History Question Answer

Question 39. Mention two limitations of the U.N.O.
Answer:

(1) The first limitation in the Charter of the U.N.O is that the right of absolute veto has been given to each of the ‘Big Five’. The Big Powers have always on several occasions misused this right in their self-interest,

(2) The U.N.O has not achieved success in gaining the cooperation of all the ‘Big Five’ at a time on the question of the enforcement of the decision of the Security Council with the help of an international army.