OUR PLANET EARTH ~ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE CLASS IX , Chapter 1
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
CLASS IX – OUR PLANET EARTH
Choose the correct answer:
1. Environment includes:
A. Only living organisms
B. Only non-living things
C. Both living and non-living components
D. Only plants
Answer: C
2. Living components of the environment are called:
A. Abiotic components
B. Biotic components
C. Atmospheric components
D. Lithospheric components
Answer: B
3. Non-living components of the environment are called:
A. Biotic components
B. Ecological components
C. Abiotic components
D. Biospheric components
Answer: C
4. Which of the following is an abiotic component?
A. Tree
B. Human
C. Soil
D. Bacteria
Answer: C
5. Which of the following is a biotic component?
A. Air
B. Water
C. Rock
D. Fungi
Answer: D
6. Producers are organisms that:
A. Eat plants
B. Eat animals
C. Make their own food
D. Decompose dead matter
Answer: C
7. Which among the following is a producer?
A. Lion
B. Deer
C. Green plants
D. Human
Answer: C
8. Organisms that break down dead matter are called:
A. Producers
B. Consumers
C. Decomposers
D. Predators
Answer: C
9. Which of these is a decomposer?
A. Tiger
B. Goat
C. Bacteria
D. Fish
Answer: C
10. Earth supports life because of:
A. Suitable temperature
B. Presence of water
C. Atmosphere
D. All of these
Answer: D
11. The solid outer part of Earth is called:
A. Atmosphere
B. Lithosphere
C. Biosphere
D. Hydrosphere
Answer: B
12. Lithosphere consists of:
A. Water bodies
B. Air
C. Land and rocks
D. Ice sheets
Answer: C
13. All water bodies together form:
A. Lithosphere
B. Biosphere
C. Hydrosphere
D. Cryosphere
Answer: C
14. About how much of Earth's surface is covered by water?
A. 50%
B. 30%
C. 71%
D. 80%
Answer: C
15. The layer of gases surrounding Earth is called:
A. Lithosphere
B. Atmosphere
C. Hydrosphere
D. Cryosphere
Answer: B
16. The atmosphere mainly contains:
A. Nitrogen
B. Hydrogen
C. Helium
D. Carbon monoxide
Answer: A
17. Approximate percentage of oxygen in the atmosphere is:
A. 10%
B. 21%
C. 40%
D. 78%
Answer: B
18. The frozen part of Earth is called:
A. Biosphere
B. Atmosphere
C. Cryosphere
D. Lithosphere
Answer: C
19. Which is part of the cryosphere?
A. River
B. Glacier
C. Forest
D. Desert
Answer: B
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
CLASS IX – OUR PLANET EARTH
20. The zone where life exists is called:
A. Lithosphere
B. Hydrosphere
C. Biosphere
D. Cryosphere
Answer: C
21. Humans are:
A. Separate from nature
B. Above nature
C. Part of the environment
D. Independent of nature
Answer: C
22. Which human activity damages the environment?
A. Afforestation
B. Recycling
C. Deforestation
D. Conservation
Answer: C
23. Which is NOT an effect of the environment on humans?
A. Flood
B. Drought
C. Cyclone
D. Planting trees
Answer: D
24. Environmental education helps to:
A. Increase pollution
B. Create awareness
C. Destroy forests
D. Reduce biodiversity
Answer: B
25. Plants prepare food by:
A. Respiration
B. Photosynthesis
C. Digestion
D. Transpiration
Answer: B
26. Photosynthesis requires:
A. Sunlight
B. Carbon dioxide
C. Water
D. All of these
Answer: D
27. Photosynthesis releases:
A. Nitrogen
B. Hydrogen
C. Oxygen
D. Helium
Answer: C
28. Breakdown of dead organisms is called:
A. Evolution
B. Adaptation
C. Decomposition
D. Extinction
Answer: C
29. Which organisms mainly carry out decomposition?
A. Birds
B. Fish
C. Fungi and bacteria
D. Mammals
Answer: C
30. Adaptation helps organisms to:
A. Increase pollution
B. Survive in surroundings
C. Stop evolution
D. Cause extinction
Answer: B
31. Gradual changes in organisms over time is called:
A. Adaptation
B. Evolution
C. Decomposition
D. Respiration
Answer: B
32. Permanent disappearance of species is called:
A. Evolution
B. Extinction
C. Adaptation
D. Coexistence
Answer: B
33. Dodo is an example of:
A. Adaptation
B. Evolution
C. Extinct species
D. Producer
Answer: C
34. Living together in the same environment is called:
A. Evolution
B. Coexistence
C. Extinction
D. Adaptation
Answer: B
35. Carbon cycle maintains:
A. Carbon balance
B. Water balance
C. Soil balance
D. Energy balance
Answer: A
36. Plants absorb which gas during photosynthesis?
A. Oxygen
B. Nitrogen
C. Carbon dioxide
D. Hydrogen
Answer: C
37. Nitrogen cycle is important for formation of:
A. Vitamins
B. Proteins
C. Sugars
D. Fats
Answer: B
38. The first step of water cycle is:
A. Condensation
B. Precipitation
C. Evaporation
D. Collection
Answer: C
39. Formation of clouds occurs during:
A. Evaporation
B. Condensation
C. Collection
D. Transpiration
Answer: B
40. Rainfall occurs during:
A. Evaporation
B. Condensation
C. Precipitation
D. Respiration
Answer: C
41. Interaction among living and non-living components forms:
A. Ecosystem
B. Atmosphere
C. Lithosphere
D. Cryosphere
Answer: A
42. Which sphere connects all Earth's systems?
A. Lithosphere
B. Biosphere
C. Atmosphere
D. Cryosphere
Answer: B
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
CLASS IX – OUR PLANET EARTH
43. Melting glaciers mainly affect:
A. Atmosphere only
B. Hydrosphere
C. Lithosphere only
D. Biosphere only
Answer: B
44. Which process returns nutrients to the soil?
A. Photosynthesis
B. Evolution
C. Decomposition
D. Respiration
Answer: C
45. Excessive deforestation may cause:
A. Increase biodiversity
B. Soil erosion
C. Increased rainfall always
D. More oxygen production
Answer: B
46. Which of the following is NOT a biotic component?
A. Algae
B. Bacteria
C. Water
D. Fungi
Answer: C
47. Which component provides minerals to plants?
A. Air
B. Soil
C. Sunlight
D. Clouds
Answer: B
48. Consumers depend directly or indirectly on:
A. Rocks
B. Producers
C. Water only
D. Atmosphere only
Answer: B
49. Which of these is a primary consumer?
A. Tiger
B. Lion
C. Deer
D. Eagle
Answer: C
50. Green plants are called producers because they:
A. Absorb oxygen
B. Produce their own food
C. Consume animals
D. Release nitrogen
Answer: B
51. Which sphere includes rivers, lakes and oceans?
A. Atmosphere
B. Biosphere
C. Hydrosphere
D. Lithosphere
Answer: C
52. Which sphere contains mountains and plains?
A. Hydrosphere
B. Lithosphere
C. Cryosphere
D. Atmosphere
Answer: B
53. Ice caps are part of:
A. Biosphere
B. Cryosphere
C. Hydrosphere
D. Atmosphere
Answer: B
54. The biosphere consists of:
A. Only animals
B. Only plants
C. Regions where life exists
D. Only microorganisms
Answer: C
55. Which component protects Earth from harmful radiation?
A. Lithosphere
B. Atmosphere
C. Biosphere
D. Hydrosphere
Answer: B
56. Which activity helps conserve the environment?
A. Deforestation
B. Burning plastics
C. Afforestation
D. Excess mining
Answer: C
57. Excessive industrialization may lead to:
A. Reduced pollution
B. Environmental degradation
C. Increase in forests
D. Increase in biodiversity
Answer: B
58. Human dependence on nature shows:
A. Isolation
B. Interconnection
C. Competition only
D. Independence
Answer: B
59. Photosynthesis occurs mainly in:
A. Roots
B. Stem
C. Leaves
D. Flowers
Answer: C
60. Chlorophyll helps plants to:
A. Absorb sunlight
B. Absorb nitrogen
C. Absorb oxygen
D. Absorb minerals
Answer: A
61. Which process adds oxygen to the atmosphere?
A. Respiration
B. Photosynthesis
C. Decomposition
D. Digestion
Answer: B
62. Organisms suited to desert conditions show:
A. Extinction
B. Adaptation
C. Evolution
D. Coexistence
Answer: B
63. Thick fur in polar bears is an example of:
A. Evolution
B. Adaptation
C. Extinction
D. Decomposition
Answer: B
64. Dinosaurs are examples of:
A. Extinct organisms
B. Producers
C. Consumers
D. Decomposers
Answer: A
65. The process by which organisms gradually change over time is:
A. Digestion
B. Evolution
C. Respiration
D. Excretion
Answer: B
66. Water vapour changes into clouds by:
A. Evaporation
B. Collection
C. Condensation
D. Respiration
Answer: C
67. Nitrogen enters plants mainly through:
A. Leaves
B. Roots
C. Stem
D. Flowers
Answer: B
68. Which cycle helps maintain atmospheric oxygen?
A. Water cycle
B. Oxygen cycle
C. Nitrogen cycle
D. Carbon cycle
Answer: B
69. Which process returns carbon dioxide to the atmosphere?
A. Photosynthesis
B. Respiration
C. Germination
D. Pollination
Answer: B
70. Water falling from clouds is called:
A. Condensation
B. Collection
C. Evaporation
D. Precipitation
Answer: D
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
CLASS IX – OUR PLANET EARTH
Assertion–Reason Type MCQs
71. Assertion: Plants are producers.
Reason: Plants prepare their own food.
A. Both true and Reason explains Assertion
B. Both true but Reason does not explain Assertion
C. Assertion true, Reason false
D. Assertion false, Reason true
Answer: A
72. Assertion: Humans are a part of the environment.
Reason: Humans are completely independent of nature.
A. Both true
B. Both false
C. Assertion true, Reason false
D. Assertion false, Reason true
Answer: C
73. Assertion: Decomposition improves soil fertility.
Reason: Decomposers recycle nutrients.
A. Both true and Reason explains Assertion
B. Both true but Reason does not explain Assertion
C. Assertion true, Reason false
D. Both false
Answer: A
74. Assertion: The atmosphere contains oxygen.
Reason: Oxygen is needed for respiration.
Answer: A
75. Assertion: Water cycle is important.
Reason: It maintains water balance on Earth.
Answer: A
1. Which of the following interactions is correctly matched?
A. Fish → Atmosphere
B. Plants → Soil minerals
C. Birds → Lithosphere only
D. Humans → Biosphere only
Answer: B
2. Which sphere acts as the meeting point of all Earth's systems?
A. Lithosphere
B. Hydrosphere
C. Biosphere
D. Cryosphere
Answer: C
3. Which statement is incorrect?
A. Producers prepare their own food
B. Decomposers recycle nutrients
C. Consumers produce their own food
D. Plants perform photosynthesis
Answer: C
4. Which of the following is not directly involved in photosynthesis?
A. Carbon dioxide
B. Sunlight
C. Nitrogen gas
D. Water
Answer: C
5. Excessive cutting of trees mainly disturbs:
A. Carbon cycle
B. Water cycle
C. Oxygen cycle
D. All of these
Answer: D
6. If decomposers disappeared from Earth, then:
A. Dead matter would accumulate
B. Nutrient recycling would stop
C. Soil fertility would decrease
D. All of these
Answer: D
7. Which process continuously recycles water in nature?
A. Carbon cycle
B. Water cycle
C. Nitrogen cycle
D. Respiration
Answer: B
8. Thick fur in polar bears mainly helps in:
A. Food preparation
B. Adaptation
C. Extinction
D. Evolution
Answer: B
9. Which pair is wrongly matched?
A. Hydrosphere — Water
B. Cryosphere — Ice sheets
C. Lithosphere — Air
D. Atmosphere — Gases
Answer: C
10. The ultimate source of energy for most ecosystems is:
A. Moon
B. Water
C. Sun
D. Soil
Answer: C
11. Which process removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?
A. Respiration
B. Combustion
C. Photosynthesis
D. Decomposition
Answer: C
12. Human beings affect the environment through:
A. Mining
B. Pollution
C. Urbanization
D. All of these
Answer: D
Part B: Match the Following
Column A Column B
1. Lithosphere a. Frozen water
2. Cryosphere b. Land and rocks
3. Hydrosphere c. Living organisms
4. Biosphere d. Water bodies
Answers:
1 → b
2 → a
3 → d
4 → c
Column A Column B
1. Photosynthesis a. Breakdown of dead matter
2. Decomposition b. Gradual change
3. Evolution c. Food preparation
4. Adaptation d. Survival mechanism
Answers:
1 → c
2 → a
3 → b
4 → d
Column A Column B
1. Carbon cycle a. Maintains water balance
2. Oxygen cycle b. Protein formation
3. Nitrogen cycle c. Oxygen balance
4. Water cycle d. Carbon balance
Answers:
1 → d
2 → c
3 → b
4 → a
Part C: Fill in the Blanks
1. Living organisms are called ______ components.
Answer: Biotic
2. Non-living components are called ______ components.
Answer: Abiotic
3. Green plants are called ______ because they make their own food.
Answer: Producers
4. The solid outer layer of Earth is called ______.
Answer: Lithosphere
5. The water present on Earth forms the ______.
Answer: Hydrosphere
6. The frozen part of Earth is called ______.
Answer: Cryosphere
7. Photosynthesis releases ______ gas.
Answer: Oxygen
8. The breakdown of dead organisms is called ______.
Answer: Decomposition
9. Permanent disappearance of species is called ______.
Answer: Extinction
10. Water changes into vapour by ______.
Answer: Evaporation
11. The formation of clouds is called ______.
Answer: Condensation
12. Water falling from clouds is called ______.
Answer: Precipitation
13. Humans are ______ of the environment.
Answer: Part
14. The gas mainly absorbed by plants is ______.
Answer: Carbon dioxide
15. Organisms that break down dead matter are called ______.
Answer: Decomposers
Part D: Assertion–Reason Questions
Choose:
A. Both A and R are true and R explains A
B. Both A and R are true but R does not explain A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true
1. Assertion: Plants are producers.
Reason: Plants prepare food using sunlight.
Answer: A
2. Assertion: Humans are independent of the environment.
Reason: Humans depend on natural resources.
Answer: D
3. Assertion: Decomposers improve soil fertility.
Reason: They recycle nutrients.
Answer: A
4. Assertion: Adaptation helps organisms survive.
Reason: Organisms develop special features.
Answer: A
5. Assertion: Water cycle maintains water balance.
Reason: Water continuously moves through nature.
Answer: A
6. Assertion: Nitrogen is essential for life.
Reason: Nitrogen helps in protein formation.
Answer: A
7. Assertion: Extinction decreases biodiversity.
Reason: Extinct species disappear permanently.
Answer: A
8. Assertion: Atmosphere contains oxygen.
Reason: Oxygen is used for respiration.
Answer: A
9. Assertion: Cryosphere contains oceans.
Reason: Oceans contain water.
Answer: D
10. Assertion: Photosynthesis decreases carbon dioxide.
Reason: Plants absorb carbon dioxide.
Answer: A
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